【whose用法归纳与总结】“whose”是一个在英语中非常重要的关系代词,主要用于引导定语从句,表示所属关系。它既可以指人,也可以指物,常用于正式或书面语中。为了帮助学习者更好地掌握“whose”的使用方法,本文将对其用法进行系统归纳,并通过表格形式进行清晰展示。
一、whose的基本用法
1. 指人:当先行词是人时,“whose”表示“某人的”,相当于“of whom”。
- 例句:The student whose book was lost is very upset.
(那个书丢了的学生很沮丧。)
2. 指物:当先行词是物时,“whose”表示“某物的”,相当于“of which”。
- 例句:The house whose roof was damaged needs repair.
(屋顶受损的房子需要修理。)
3. 既可指人又可指物:根据上下文,“whose”可以灵活地指代人或物。
- 例句:The girl whose mother is a teacher is very smart.
(那个母亲是老师的小女孩非常聪明。)
- 例句:The car whose engine is noisy is not worth buying.
(发动机噪音大的那辆车不值得买。)
二、whose的常见结构
| 结构 | 说明 | 例句 |
| The + 名词 + whose + 名词 | 表示某人/某物的所属关系 | The man whose car is parked outside is my uncle. |
| The + 名词 + of whom/which + ... | “whose” 的替代表达方式 | The woman of whom I spoke is here. |
| Whose + 名词 + that/who/which + ... | 引导定语从句 | The boy whose father is a doctor wants to be a doctor too. |
三、注意点
- “whose”不能省略,因为它在从句中充当定语,不能由其他代词替代。
- 在口语中,有时会用“of whom/which”来代替“whose”,但书面语中更常用“whose”。
- “whose”可以用于非限制性定语从句,也可用于限制性定语从句。
四、对比练习(选择正确的答案)
| 句子 | 正确选项 | 解释 |
| This is the boy _______ sister is my classmate. | whose | 指“这个男孩的妹妹” |
| The company _______ offices are in Shanghai has a new branch. | whose | 指“这家公司的办公室” |
| The book _______ cover is red is mine. | whose | 指“这本书的封面” |
| The teacher _______ students passed the exam is very proud. | whose | 指“这位老师的学生成绩优秀” |
五、总结
“whose”是一个功能强大的关系代词,能够清晰地表达所属关系。无论是指人还是指物,都可以使用“whose”来引导定语从句,使句子更加简洁和正式。掌握其基本用法和常见结构,有助于提高英语写作和阅读理解能力。通过不断练习和积累,学习者可以更加自如地运用这一语法点。
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